Reamer and well scraper



Feb. 26 1935. J. J. sANTlAc-:o

REAMER AND WELL SCRAPER Filed March 5l, 1934 171 venta?" .7a/mail mzfzv'afa @fg @m e n mv,

Patented Fel). 26, 1.935 i .UNITED i STATES "e/ATENTL optics n BEAMER AND WELL SCRAPER Y,

James J. Santiago, LosAngeles, Calif., assignerl Y to John Grant, Los Angeles, Calif.

Application March l31, 1934, Serial `NO 718,410

eolaims. (o1. 25e-76)" `This invention has to do with tools 'for ream- Fig. ais across section on line 4 4 of Fig. l1; ing, scraping or cleaning a Wellbore; andre# Fig.` iS a fragmentary l0r1gitudnal SeCtOl V011 lates more particularly to a-tool Whereinthe cut-I line 5 5 of Fig. 3; andr v i ters are held in and project from a transverse slot Fg- 6 iS a view ShOWng a modiicatonwhere- 5 through. the body, or to an expanding tool-ofl inthe cutters are expanded by. vspring' action 5 the typeutilizing blades .which move laterally rather than by vluydrauliev aCtiOrlaS irlrFigSLl. for expansion and `contraction in a. transverse and 2. 5 f slot rcut through the. reamer body. A typical Irlltlle draWirlg I ShGW at 10 a Cylidr body structure andarrangementofsuch blades is one having aftrallSVerSe Cutter SlOt llltlleretllreugll l0 involving a transverse blade pivot on which the 'andra-bolle the Slot, a bO1e712, enlargedabove'as 10 blades swing like Wings; and it is in connection atlZdrfAttlle upper elldtf bore IZGLSthe usual with such typical `arrangement that I shall extllreaded'bOX 1370? tale'llinllofa tool joint (1011'a plain my invention, although the invention, vas Vr1eti-rigthe tOOlWtll a Sub .0r Withv the lrotary will be seen from what follows'is not necessarily drill' Stem 0r Pipe; any OfjLwhich have". the cir-V restricted to expansion or to that particular type eulatrl PaSSageflld Which VColrlrldunateS' With l5 ofexpansible movement. V i d the :bore 12dgv y In reamers 0f the type referred to, the,v blades Y -Mounted in theetransverse cutter slot rl1 are may bejmoved to their ,expandedV positions byzva- Shown two pvoted vCutterblades15,l '0f the type I rious suitable means, such as by hydraulic yaction' here lereer.V t0@illustrate. These two ,blades lie garni-nya spring; and my invention is 'applicame alongside eachother,I face to face, in slot 11 `and 20 regardless of the type of blade actuating means move pivotallybetween the collapsed positions or e1ementy n shown in Figrl and the expanded positions shownV The general object of my inventionl is to proin FigS..2 and 6) moving thus'lJVutallyr .Onthe- Vide a structure, peculiarly adaptable to a transtransverse pivut'liirl.v l5; TlleeXaCt SllalaeSyaIld versely s1ottedbody, Vto the end of materially cutting edgesongurationsof kdosso Cutters may 25 strengthening the body, holding twist-offs, and bsmade dosirodiondz alsolthoir `amount or Y f urther to adapt a given sized body to various di- DTOJ'eCtiOu beyond, the body :Wherl'f eXpaIlded: ameters Without the necessityof having to pro- Usually they may be: PrQVded-With sharpened vide a complete tool or complete body for each edges; but any Other type Of' lcirlal euttirigk -eleof the diameters desired.l I y 1n aoooinpushing such objects, my invention has, in itsuppsr odge, Vaninwardly,-zond prefers provides the slotted and usually cylindric body ably rlwardlyqarld upwardly Vfaeirlg' Surfaee 15a with an exterior s1eeve looked 1engthwise upon adaptod,whoothe blades drofoxpandsdto. bear the body, fitting the body ysnug1y but notv so inwardly,A and preferably also upwardly, against 3s tightly that, in oase of twist-off, the broiienfpart. correspondingly placed; -losaringfsurfacss'i on 35' of the body cannot turn within thersleeveyand, the body, orsxt'orior sleeve 2G, or both the-'body the sleeve being so mounted upon the bodyas to and sleeve, f The 'purpostof those .inward'and be substitutame in different sleeve thicknesses preferably.also upwardloearinesistotokodirectly so as to vary the effective external diameter of t0 the vlJOCly amaierpart Of the reaetierl thrusts 4o the body to suit different sized bore holes. The exerted upon the Cutters bythe wouslbeioe'out- 4o 't s1eeve also forms a wail for the circulation pas- It' willbsrunderstood that, as the tool iS rotated sage whioh, in order to by-pass the body slotis and lowered progressively, the reaction thrustof conveniently formed as a groove inthe faceroi the Wall yumn-the Cutterifd` upwardly and inward? the-body.l All these, and other objects rand cor-v ly, aS Well as CirCurilfeYentelly; arld'tllee SllOulresponding accomplishments, and the full detailsV der bearings' take that reactie!! ,thrust and thus 45' of preferred forms and applications of the inven-A largely relieve the ,DiVOt lpirl lirom` the heavy tion tvill be understood from the following speciinward thrusts to Whichv it would otherwise ber fication wherein reference is had to the aocomsubjected. Y ,1 f 1 panying drawing in which: k I'o operate the cutters I have shown a' pairy of Figure l is a longitudinal central section shoW- Connecting links 2l Divoted One toeaoll 0f the Cut- 50 ing one form of my improved tool in its colters, and both-.pivotally connectedabove at 22 to., lapsed condition; 1 E Y an actuatingplunger` 23 Whosenupper rstern 23a;

[Fig 2 is a similar view showing the saine tool projects into'the enlarged borey l2ot. Surround-,- in expanded condition; ing steinY 23d at the lower .end lof bore vv12a ment maybe carried bythe b1ades.-y Each blade 30 i n Eig.. Sis a cross section online 3;-3 of Fig. v1; is a suitable packing .n 25 surmounted by a pres- 5 5'v Y sure ring 26 on which the cutter retraction spring 27 is seated; the spring pressing on ring 26 tending to compress the packing and thus keep it tight. Packing 25 is preferably a flanged ring.

of leather or the like, resting on a supporting ring 25a seated in the bottom of bore 12a; and the spring seat ring 26 preferably conforms to the shape of the hanged packing ring, so as to hold it against plunger 23a. vThe upper end of spring 27 is pressed upwardly against a peripherally notched head 29 mounted on the upper end of stem 23a. The purpose and function of the springv that bypsubstituting sleeves of diiferent thick- 27 is to raise the plunger and throw the cutters Vto collapsed position. When the cutters reachA expanded position, the lower enlarged part ci plunger 23 engages ring 25 andthus stops further spring action just as the cutters reach the fully collapsed position. This'action, and the fact that each cutter swings back against the linside surface of the sleeve (see Fig. 4) prevents the cuttersY from swinging beyond collapsed position. :The cutters are-movedftoexpanded position same time to exert a suilcient downward pres-'I sure on head 29 to move the head downwardly, and'hold it downwardly so as to hold the cutters in expanded positions as4 long as circulation is keptup.A Y lf The circulation passages 30 are formed as longitudinal grooves in the exterior'surface-of. body 10, and covered by sleeve 20;Y except where at-Bav and' 30h they are bored diagonally through the body tocommunicate with bore 12a and with lower. body bore 31 above the tool joint pin 32 of theV fluid'pass'aged bit 33 which is attachedA to the lower 'end of the body. *By'y this preferred arrangement of il-uid` passages a simple lluid communication lengthwise through thebody is obtained,- and one which by-passes .theltransverse'slot 11; but others'uitable specific arrangements inay beA used, such'for instance as-the longitudinally bored passag'e entirely contained within thef-bodyj proper,

A but close to' its wall, such as shown my prior Ptnt1,555,365, dated September 29,1925."V T0 15,l auxiliary passages 30e lead from lower bore 3'1 upwardly and outwardly to thebody exterior at endwise facing body shoulders37; so that the sleeve may be mounted upon or removed'from the;

body `by screwing in or unscrewing thesethreaded bushings. The sleeve has, through its wall, slots 37 registeringwith the b'odyandA acting,` like the bodyA slot; to confine the cutters inV their face to face engagement, and thus to provide extended beariiigfacesagainst which the flat cutter faces' bear under the'rotary tlirustfi'mposedv upon them in use. It will be noted from Figs.'- 1 and 2 that theA sleeve sms register infiength with' thebbdy sier',-

and from Fig. 4 that they register each along one side with one side of the body slot. Each sleeve slot is substantially just wide enough to pass one cutter, so that, when the cutters are extended and the tool rotating right-handedly, each cutter bears back on its rear face fiatly against a wall surface lla of the body slot and a surface 37a of a sleeve slot, and is held back in such bearing by the part 20a of the sleeve which-overhangs half of thebody slot. This arrangement can be best understood from consideration of Fig. e.

Sleeve 20'may be of any suitable thickness; so

heisses, the effective external diameter of the body may be increased or decreased without any change havingto be made in the body proper. Thus any given tool may be used in different sized bore holes simply by changing the external sleeve. To

remove a.y sleeve one or both of the bushings 35 is removed, when the sleeve may be slid lengthwise oil the body, after pivot pin Alo and cuttersl' are removed, holes 20o andg20cfbeing provided in the sleeve for'allowing the pin to be punched out.

Toprevent accidental removal of the pivot pinV it may be tted tightly in the body or'locked, by a-ny suitable known locking, means. OnY the-other hand, byrnaking the cutters somewhat narrower than lis showniin the drawing, so that when hanging'down they clear .the interior of the sleeve, then the: sleeve may be removed without st'removingthe cutters. lAnd in that case Ythe ysleeveV holes-29o and 20c are not vneeded-and the-sleeve' becomes` a'lock preventing accidental displacement'of the pivot pin. Y, fltis preferred, however, to make the cutters'v wide enough that they project intdthe sleeve slots when collapsed; the-sleeve being thus prevented from rotating 'on' thebody,` and the cutters being of maximum width and stre'rgth.-` In such an arrangement the cutters `must 'bef-rei moved before the sleeve can be remoyed}`an`d the holes 2Gb and 20c must be provided itithe sleeve forren'ioval of the cutterpin 16.V vIn order to make the sleeve in its normal positionk lock' the cutter pin .in-place, the-holesV 2Gb' and20c are positioned so that they` areA normally belc'iw the pin, as is shown yin Figs. 1i and" 2 .1v this Vposition of the sleeve the pin 16 is completely' covered at both ends and therefore cannot be displaced. To remove the pin, the sleeve is liftedV to register holes 2Gb and 20c with-the pin. This can .be done with the cutters in the position of Fig. 2, the' lengthof sleeveslots 37 belcw'the cutters allowing the sleeve-to be raised to'said registering position. vThe pin 16 may then be driven out, the cutters removed, and the sleeve then removed from-thebody. i f

Thesleeve is iitted-to the body snugly, preferably as tightly vas is consistent with vfair 'ease' of placement and removal; but -is not'fitted so'tightly to the body that it will-notallow relative rotaition of body parts in case the body should bel twisted off at thev slot. These slotted bodies are weakest at the slot,` and at ythat point the twist'- oi is most likely to occur. TlhusfinV my construt'zJA tion, should the lowerend of the body part from the upper end at a point belowthe cutters, the lower endof the body mayjswivel in the'sleeve, and thus take the rotational stra-in oif the sleeve so that the unbroken's'leeve will still hold the lower endV to remove it from the hole. And should thejv bodyk part above the cutters at the upper end of' the slot, then the upper part ofj-the body member mayr swivel Ain the sleeve,l and again the wholetoor may -b'e pulled Y out ofV the well.' In" order to :fa-

groovesto form cloeedipassages, the sleevefhaving 'ai' slot through which the cutter may project', and releasable means 'for holding Vthe sleeve xed lengthwise with relation to thelbody;

, 7. A- roaming tool, comprising a substantiall cylindric body having; acutter receiving opening, a' cutter therein, a cutter securing pinYY extending transverselyY through the body with Van end exposed at the outer surface of tne'body, a sleeve surrounding the body and having arslot through which thev cutter may project, means normally holding the sleeve against movement on the body,

. the sleeve having a pin passing opening normally ter receivingvopening, a cutter therein, a` cutter securing pin'extending transversely through the body with an end exposed at the outer surface of the body, a sleeve surroundingthe bodyV and having a slot through whichthe cutter may pron ject, means normally securing-the sleeve against lengthwise movement on thebody, the sleeve having al pin passing opening normally out of register'. with the cutter securing 'pin'but movable into registerrwith it by longitudinal movement ofthe sleeve.' i

91A reaming tool', comprising a vertically'ex` tending substantially cylindric body'having a cutter receiving opening, a cutter therein' extending beyond'tlrie outer faceof the'. body a cutter secur`-, ing pin extending transversely througnthebody With'anend exposed at the outer surface ofthe body; a' sleeve; surrounding the body and Ahaving a'slot' into `which the cutter projects and thereby prevents Trelative rotation'of the sleeve on the body, the sleeve slot beingl long enough t'o allow `a,

limited relative longitudinal movement Vof the sleeve on'thebody, means normally holding the sleeve against longitudinal movement on the body,` and-the sleeve having a pin passing'` opening'norV mally out .of register with the cutter securingfpin but movable into register with' it by the limited relative longitudinal movement permitted by the cutter. g l y. v

- f Y JAMESJ,` SANTIAGO; 

